The present article reviews the use of ammonia and ammonia-ammonium salt leaching systems to extract valuable metals from secondary resources. This paper …
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The scheme of combined leaching method with ammonia and alkaline bacteria is shown in Table 4. ... Key parameters of bioleaching with alkaline bacteria from copper sulfide tailings 3.2 Ammonia leaching from copper sulfide tailings A 30-days ammonia leaching experiments of sulfide tailings with different concentration of ammonia was carried out ...
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Copper production methods vary based on the characteristics of the ore that is used as the raw material. In general, pyrometallurgical methods are used for sulfur-containing copper ores, while hydrometallurgical methods are used for oxide-containing copper ores. ... Generally, copper is soluble as amine complexes during the ammonia …
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Ammonia and ammonium salts have been recognized as effective leaching agents in hydrometallurgical processes due to low toxicity and cost, easy recovery and high selective recovery of metals. New research findings on considerable advantages of leaching by these agents and elimination of problems associated with acid leaching have resulted in …
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The ammoniacal leaching has been considered very selective for copper compared with other leaching systems; however, there are interactions with zinc and nickel that also form stable ammonia complexes, implying higher consumption of ammonia to obtain high copper recoveries. This research aimed to clarify under which conditions …
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Fig. 1 shows that the most critical variable was the solid concentration in the leaching solution, wherein the copper extraction rate increased by 23% (for similar pH …
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this method relative to acid leaching method, kinetic study of copper ammonia leaching and evaluation of Eh–pH diagrams in a system containing water and ammonia are
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solvent extraction method for the recovery and purification of different precious and critical metals including copper, zinc, cadmium, uranium, and nickel, among others from their aqueous solutions. However, solvent extraction is one of the most viable routes to extract copper from pregnant leach solution (PLS) among other methods such as precipi-
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Although copper oxide and pure copper were first used to recover copper due to high solubility in ammonia, later on ammonia leaching of sulfide ores was also considered. The common method was the use of oxide roasting at high temperatures to …
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MoO3 is a widely accessible foundation material and the primary compound used to produce numerous molybdenum products. The ore was first roasted, and the leaching behavior of concentrated molybdenite mineral was assessed. The optimal conditions for the leaching process were identified in the second step, and in a …
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The dissolution of copper during the leaching of chalcopyrite in ammonia solutions is an attractive alternative to acid sulfate leaching in the treatment of ores with …
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The study of copper (Cu) recovery is crucial for the entire recovery process of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs), and Cu can be leached efficiently via a sulfuric acid–hydrogen peroxide (H2SO4–H2O2) system. To achieve high Cu recovery, it is important to evaluate the parameters of the leaching process and understand the Cu …
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It is desirable to obtain high copper dissolution rate for relnoval of copper from ferrous scrap by ammonia leaching. In this study, a new ammonia leaching process using a injection. rnethod in a closed circuit system is proposed to improve copper dissolution rate and to prevent ammonia from vaporization loss. The copper dissolution. rate have been …
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The copper silicate ore chrysocolla forms a large potential copper resource, which has not yet been fully exploited, due to difficulties associated with its beneficiation by flotation and metallurgical processing. Direct acid leaching of chrysocolla causes silica gel formation. Therefore, in this work, the feasibility of solvometallurgical methods to leach …
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This study presents the novel idea of a cyanide-free leaching method, i.e., glycine–ammonia leaching in the presence of permanganate, to treat a low-grade and copper-bearing gold tailing.
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Combined leaching method of ammonia solution and alkaline bacteria during copper tailings is explored. ... Yin et al., 2018c), electro-dialytic remediation of copper mine tailings in 2005 (Hansen et al., 2005), acid leaching of copper and zinc from flotation tailings using a H 2 SO 4 solution and acid bacteria (Muravyov et al., 2012), …
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2013). Ammonia leaching is also selective in that it will not dissolve all available nonspecific metals, such as iron and manganese, along with the copper or cobalt, as sulphuric acid does. Ammonia leaching can be used in non-oxidative, oxidative and reductive leaching (Park et al., 2006). The ammonia leaching process is more …
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Although ammonia leaching of copper from slags has been reported generally as a part of copper slag utilization methods, but no detailed studies have been reported in the literature. In this research, we tried to investigate the effect of different parameters on ammonia leaching of
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However, solvent extraction is one of the most viable routes to extract copper from pregnant leach solution (PLS) among other methods such as precipitation, coagulation, flocculation, flotation, ion exchange, electro-oxidation, membrane filtration, and biosorption [1,2,3,4,5]. It is the most sorted and valuable route due to its distinct ...
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In this process, ammonia leaching of sulfide minerals of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron was conducted at a. temperature of about 105 °C and air pressure of 8 ATM. Under these c onditions, copper ...
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The use of ammonia as a leaching agent in the recovery of copper from ores and concentrates has a number of potential benefits. These include the ability to treat ores with an acid consuming gangue, non-corrosivity, the insolubility of iron in the solution and increased selectivity. This paper reviews the previous and current use of ammonia …
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The paper presents results of extraction of copper(II) from ammonia leach solutions. The effect of a type of extractant, its concentration and type of diluent in organic phase on extraction ...
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Currently, reduction roasting ammonia leaching (Caron process) and high pressure sulfuric acid leaching (HPAL) are the mainstream processes for the hydrometallurgical treatment of limonite laterite ore [8], [9]. The main process steps in the Caron process are reduction roasting, atmospheric ammonia leaching, ammonia …
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Copper from WPCBs was leached from sulfuric acid solution by electrochemical oxidation method. Copper leaching rate of could be achieved with reaction time of 3.5 h (Zhu et al., 2009). ... When the temperature is 5 °C, the low temperature inhibits the reaction between ammonia and copper, resulting in a low …
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The ammoniacal leaching has been considered very selective for copper compared with other leaching systems; however, there are interactions with zinc and nickel that also form stable ammonia ...
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Optimal leaching was achieved and further refined for the ASR in a two-step indirect leaching system with biogenic ammonia. Copper leaching was the result of local corrosion and differences in leaching against the synthetic ... = 1). Selectivity indices calculations (materials and methods) are presented for both synthetic and biogenic …
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Heap leaching generates a pregnant leach solution (PLS) containing 1–6 g/L Cu²⁺, which is sent to solvent extraction and electrowinning for copper production.
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The treatment of a copper sulphide-bearing gold ore by direct cyanide leaching, ammonia pretreatment and ammoniacal cyanide leaching was investigated. Dissolution behaviour of gold and copper in ...
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The paper concerns a hydrometallurgical method for selective recovery of copper from low-grade electric and electronic wastes. The following consecutive stages were proposed: smelting of the scraps to produce Cu–Zn–Ag alloy, leaching of the alloy in ammoniacal solution, and selective copper electrowinning. Cu–Zn–Ag alloy was a …
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Ammonia leaching is a promising method for processing low-grade copper ores, especially those containing large amounts of oxidized copper. In this paper, we study the effect of Si-containing minerals on the …
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