Ballast Rail Track Production
(a) Rail damper in a ballasted track (Zvolenský et al., 2017), (b) rubber-steel plate damper (Toward and Thompson, 2012) (c) Cross-section of dynamic rail damper with a steel insert and a rubber cover, (d) compression test on representative ballast plate and rail damper (Kraśkiewicz et al., 2021).
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